微信小程序开发蓝牙（微信小程序调用蓝牙接口）
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今天给各位分享微信小程序开发蓝牙的知识，其中也会对微信小程序调用蓝牙接口进行解释，如果能碰巧解决你现在面临的问题，别忘了关注本站，现在开始吧！
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本文目录一览：
微信小程序蓝牙教程--完整版亲测
#使用mpvue 开发小程序过程中 简单介绍一下微信小程序蓝牙连接过程
#在蓝牙连接的过程中部分api需要加定时器延时1秒到2秒左右再执行，原因为何不知道，小程序有这样的要求
#1.首先是要初始化蓝牙：openBluetoothAdapter()
```js
if (wx.openBluetoothAdapter) {
wx.openBluetoothAdapter({
success: function(res) {
/* 获取本机的蓝牙状态 */
setTimeout(() = {
getBluetoothAdapterState()
}, 1000)
},
fail: function(err) {
// 初始化失败
}
})
} else {
}
```
#2.检测本机蓝牙是否可用：
# 要在上述的初始化蓝牙成功之后回调里调用
```js
getBluetoothAdapterState() {
var that= this;
that.toastTitle= '检查蓝牙状态'
wx.getBluetoothAdapterState({
success: function(res) {
startBluetoothDevicesDiscovery()
},
fail(res) {
console.log(res)
}
})
}
```
#3. 开始搜索蓝牙设备：
```js
startBluetoothDevicesDiscovery() {
var that= this;
setTimeout(() = {
wx.startBluetoothDevicesDiscovery({
success: function(res) {
/* 获取蓝牙设备列表 */
that.getBluetoothDevices()
},
fail(res) {
}
})
}, 1000)
}
```
#4. 获取搜索到的蓝牙设备列表
# /* that.deviceName 是获取到的蓝牙设备的名称， 因为蓝牙设备在安卓和苹果手机上搜到的蓝牙地址显示是不一样的，所以根据设备名称匹配蓝牙*/
```js
getBluetoothDevices() {
var that= this;
setTimeout(() = {
wx.getBluetoothDevices({
services: [],
allowDuplicatesKey: false,
interval: 0,
success: function(res) {
if (res.devices.length 0) {
if (JSON.stringify(res.devices).indexOf(that.deviceName) !== -1) {
for (let i = 0; i res.devices.length; i++) {
if (that.deviceName === res.devices[i].name) {
/* 根据指定的蓝牙设备名称匹配到deviceId */
that.deviceId = that.devices[i].deviceId;
setTimeout(() = {
that.connectTO();
}, 2000);
};
};
} else {
}
} else {
}
},
fail(res) {
console.log(res, '获取蓝牙设备列表失败=====')
}
})
}, 2000)
},
```
#5.连接蓝牙
# 匹配到的蓝牙设备ID 发送连接蓝牙的请求， 连接成功之后 应该断开蓝牙搜索的api，然后去获取所连接蓝牙设备的service服务
```js
connectTO() {
wx.createBLEConnection({
deviceId: deviceId,
success: function(res) {
that.connectedDeviceId = deviceId;
/* 4.获取连接设备的service服务 */
that.getBLEDeviceServices();
wx.stopBluetoothDevicesDiscovery({
success: function(res) {
console.log(res, '停止搜索')
},
fail(res) {
}
})
},
fail: function(res) {
}
})
}
```
#6. 获取蓝牙设备的service服务,获取的serviceId有多个要试着连接最终确定哪个是稳定版本的service 获取服务完后获取设备特征值
```js
getBLEDeviceServices() {
setTimeout(() = {
wx.getBLEDeviceServices({
deviceId: that.connectedDeviceId,
success: function(res) {
that.services= res.services
/* 获取连接设备的所有特征值 */
that.getBLEDeviceCharacteristics()
},
fail: (res) = {
}
})
}, 2000)
},
```
#7.获取蓝牙设备特征值
# 获取到的特征值有多个，最后要用的事能读，能写，能监听的那个值的uuid作为特征值id，
```js
getBLEDeviceCharacteristics() {
setTimeout(() = {
wx.getBLEDeviceCharacteristics({
deviceId: connectedDeviceId,
serviceId: services[2].uuid,
success: function(res) {
for (var i = 0; i res.characteristics.length; i++) {
if ((res.characteristics[i].properties.notify || res.characteristics[i].properties.indicate)
(res.characteristics[i].properties.read res.characteristics[i].properties.write)) {
console.log(res.characteristics[i].uuid, '蓝牙特征值 ==========')
/* 获取蓝牙特征值 */
that.notifyCharacteristicsId = res.characteristics[i].uuid
// 启用低功耗蓝牙设备特征值变化时的 notify 功能
that.notifyBLECharacteristicValueChange()
}
}
},
fail: function(res) {
}
})
}, 1000)
},
```
#8.启动notify 蓝牙监听功能 然后使用 wx.onBLECharacteristicValueChange用来监听蓝牙设备传递数据
#接收到的数据和发送的数据必须是二级制数据， 页面展示的时候需要进行转换
```js
notifyBLECharacteristicValueChange() { // 启用低功耗蓝牙设备特征值变化时的 notify 功能
var that= this;
console.log('6.启用低功耗蓝牙设备特征值变化时的 notify 功能')
wx.notifyBLECharacteristicValueChange({
state: true,
deviceId: that.connectedDeviceId,
serviceId: that.notifyServicweId,
characteristicId: that.notifyCharacteristicsId,
complete(res) {
/*用来监听手机蓝牙设备的数据变化*/
wx.onBLECharacteristicValueChange(function(res) {
/**/
that.balanceData += that.buf2string(res.value)
that.hexstr += that.receiveData(res.value)
})
},
fail(res) {
console.log(res, '启用低功耗蓝牙设备监听失败')
that.measuringTip(res)
}
})
},
/*转换成需要的格式*/
buf2string(buffer) {
var arr = Array.prototype.map.call(new Uint8Array(buffer), x = x)
return arr.map((char, i) = {
return String.fromCharCode(char);
}).join('');
},
receiveData(buf) {
return this.hexCharCodeToStr(this.ab2hex(buf))
},
/*转成二进制*/
ab2hex (buffer) {
var hexArr = Array.prototype.map.call(
new Uint8Array(buffer), function (bit) {
return ('00' + bit.toString(16)).slice(-2)
}
)
return hexArr.join('')
},
/*转成可展会的文字*/
hexCharCodeToStr(hexCharCodeStr) {
var trimedStr = hexCharCodeStr.trim();
var rawStr = trimedStr.substr(0, 2).toLowerCase() === '0x' ? trimedStr.substr(2) : trimedStr;
var len = rawStr.length;
var curCharCode;
var resultStr= [];
for (var i = 0; i len; i = i+ 2) {
curCharCode = parseInt(rawStr.substr(i, 2), 16);
resultStr.push(String.fromCharCode(curCharCode));
}
return resultStr.join('');
},
```
# 向蓝牙设备发送数据
```js
sendData(str) {
let that= this;
let dataBuffer = new ArrayBuffer(str.length)
let dataView = new DataView(dataBuffer)
for (var i = 0; i str.length; i++) {
dataView.setUint8(i, str.charAt(i).charCodeAt())
}
let dataHex = that.ab2hex(dataBuffer);
this.writeDatas = that.hexCharCodeToStr(dataHex);
wx.writeBLECharacteristicValue({
deviceId: that.connectedDeviceId,
serviceId: that.notifyServicweId,
characteristicId: that.notifyCharacteristicsId,
value: dataBuffer,
success: function (res) {
console.log('发送的数据：' + that.writeDatas)
console.log('message发送成功')
},
fail: function (res) {
},
complete: function (res) {
}
})
},
```
# 当不需要连接蓝牙了后就要关闭蓝牙，并关闭蓝牙模块
```js
// 断开设备连接
closeConnect() {
if (that.connectedDeviceId) {
wx.closeBLEConnection({
deviceId: that.connectedDeviceId,
success: function(res) {
that.closeBluetoothAdapter()
},
fail(res) {
}
})
} else {
that.closeBluetoothAdapter()
}
},
// 关闭蓝牙模块
closeBluetoothAdapter() {
wx.closeBluetoothAdapter({
success: function(res) {
},
fail: function(err) {
}
})
},
```
#在向蓝牙设备传递数据和接收数据的过程中，并未使用到read的API 不知道有没有潜在的问题，目前线上运行为发现任何的问题
#今天的蓝牙使用心得到此结束，谢谢
微信小程序蓝牙模块开发
//index.js
//获取应用实例
const app = getApp()
const util = require('../../utils/util.js')
const bletool = require('../../utils/bletool.js')
Page({
data: {
// lists: [{ 'order_no': '1111', 'car_no': '321', 'car_type': '尚好捷', 'order_date': '2018-01-02 08:00', 'order_money': '16.00', 'order_time': '4' }],
car_no: '',
order_no: '',
lists: [],
bleList: [], //蓝牙设备数组
serviceId: '',//592B3370-3900-9A71-4535-35D4212D2837
serviceMac: '',//C9:9B:4C:E7:DE:10
service_psd: '',//855525B837253705595800000329
service_uuid: '',
deviceId:'',
characteristics:[] //特征值
},
onLoad: function (options) {
this.initBle();
},
onReady: function () {
// 页面渲染完成
},
onShow: function () {
if (app.globalData.car_no.length0){
this.getDeviceInfo();
}
},
onHide: function () {
// 页面隐藏
},
onUnload: function () {
// 页面关闭
app.globalData.car_no=''
},
//蓝牙相关
//初始化蓝牙
initBle: function () {
var that = this;
wx.onBluetoothAdapterStateChange(function (res) {
console.log('adapterState changed, now is', res)
app.globalData.ble_state = res.available;
if (res.available) {
that.initBle();
} else {
util.showToast('手机蓝牙已关闭');
app.globalData.ble_isonnectting = false;
}
})
//打开蓝牙适配器
wx.openBluetoothAdapter({
success: function (res) {
console.log('打开蓝牙适配器成功');
that.getBluetoothAdapterState();
app.globalData.ble_state = true;
that.onBluetoothDeviceFound();
},
fail: function (res) {
// fail
console.log(res)
util.showToast('请打开手机蓝牙');
},
complete: function (res) {
// complete
}
})
},
onBluetoothDeviceFound:function(){
var that = this;
//监听扫描
wx.onBluetoothDeviceFound(function (res) {
// res电脑模拟器返回的为数组；手机返回的为蓝牙设备对象
console.log('监听搜索新设备：', res);
that.updateBleList([res])
})
},
getBluetoothAdapterState: function () {
var that = this;
wx.getBluetoothAdapterState({
success: function (res) {
var available = res.available;
var discovering = res.discovering;
if (!available) {
util.showToast('蓝牙不可用');
} else {
if (!discovering) {
// that.startBluetoothDevicesDiscovery();
}
}
}
})
},
startBluetoothDevicesDiscovery: function () {
var that = this;
var services = [];
services.push(this.data.serviceId);
wx.showLoading({
title: '设备搜索中'
});
setTimeout(function () {
wx.hideLoading();
if (app.globalData.deviceId.length==0){
util.showModal('设备搜索失败，请重试');
}
}, 10000)
if(bletool.isIOS()){
wx.startBluetoothDevicesDiscovery({
services: services,
allowDuplicatesKey: true,
success: function (res) {
console.log('ios搜索成功');
console.log(res);
},
fail: function (err) {
console.log(err);
}
});
}else{
wx.startBluetoothDevicesDiscovery({
// services: services,
allowDuplicatesKey: true,
success: function (res) {
console.log('Android搜索成功');
console.log(res);
},
fail: function (err) {
console.log(err);
wx.hideLoading();
that.startBluetoothDevicesDiscovery();
// that.getBluetoothAdapterState();
util.showToast('搜索失败');
}
});
}
},
startConnectDevices: function (ltype, array) {
var that = this;
clearTimeout(that.getConnectedTimer);
that.getConnectedTimer = null;
wx.stopBluetoothDevicesDiscovery({
success: function (res) {
// success
}
})
app.globalData.ble_isonnectting = true;
console.log('连接前：'+that.deviceId);
wx.createBLEConnection({
deviceId: that.deviceId,
success: function (res) {
if (res.errCode == 0) {
console.log('连接成功：');
that.getService(that.deviceId);
}
},
fail: function (err) {
console.log('连接失败：', err);
wx.hideLoading();
util.showModal('设备连接失败，请重试');
// if (ltype == 'loop') {
// that.connectDeviceIndex += 1;
// that.loopConnect(array);
// } else {
// that.startBluetoothDevicesDiscovery();
// that.getConnectedBluetoothDevices();
// }
app.globalData.ble_isonnectting = false;
},
complete: function () {
}
});
},
getService: function (deviceId) {
var that = this;
// 监听蓝牙连接
wx.onBLEConnectionStateChange(function (res) {
console.log(res);
app.globalData.ble_isonnectting = res.connected
if (!res.connected) {
util.showToast('连接断开');
}
});
// 获取蓝牙设备service值
wx.getBLEDeviceServices({
deviceId: deviceId,
success: function (res) {
console.log('获取蓝牙设备service值');
console.log(res);
that.getCharacter(deviceId, res.services);
}
})
},
getCharacter: function (deviceId, services) {
var that = this;
services.forEach(function (value, index, array) {
if (value.isPrimary) {
that.setData({
service_uuid: value.uuid,
deviceId: deviceId
})
app.globalData.service_uuid= value.uuid;
app.globalData.deviceId=deviceId;
}
});
//监听通知
wx.onBLECharacteristicValueChange(function (res) {
// callback
console.log('value change', res)
const hex = bletool.buf2char(res.value)
console.log('返回的数据：', hex)
//配对密码
if (hex.indexOf('855800000106') != -1) {
wx.hideLoading();
var charact_write = that.data.characteristics[1]
bletool.writeDataToDevice(that.data.deviceId, that.data.service_uuid, charact_write, that.data.service_psd);
wx.showToast({
title: '设备已连接',
icon: 'success',
duration: 3000
})
setTimeout(function () {
bletool.writeDataToDevice(that.data.deviceId, that.data.service_uuid, charact_write, '235525B837253705590400000273');
}, 2000)
} else if (hex.indexOf('23040000') != -1) {
//启动成功
that.starRenting();
}
})
wx.getBLEDeviceCharacteristics({
deviceId: deviceId,
serviceId: that.getServiceUUID(),
success: function (res) {
wx.getBLEDeviceCharacteristics({
deviceId: deviceId,
serviceId: that.getServiceUUID(),
success: function (res) {
console.log('特征', res)
that.setData({
characteristics:res.characteristics
})
app.globalData.characteristics = res.characteristics;
var charact_read = res.characteristics[0]
},
loopConnect: function (devicesId) {
var that = this;
var listLen = devicesId.length;
if (devicesId[this.connectDeviceIndex]) {
this.deviceId = devicesId[this.connectDeviceIndex];
this.startConnectDevices('loop', devicesId);
} else {
console.log('已配对的设备小程序蓝牙连接失败');
that.startBluetoothDevicesDiscovery();
that.getConnectedBluetoothDevices();
}
},
//更新数据 devices为数组类型
updateBleList: function (devices) {
console.log('设备数据：',devices);
var newData = this.data.bleList
var that = this
var tempDevice = null;
for (var i = 0; i devices.length; i++) {
//ios设备
if (devices[i].devices != null) {
if (devices[i].devices.length 0) {
tempDevice = devices[i].devices[0];
}
else {
continue
}
}
//安卓
else {
tempDevice = devices[i];
}
if (!this.isExist(tempDevice)) {
newData.push(tempDevice)
}
}
console.log('数据：');
console.log(newData)
this.setData({
bleList: newData
})
if (!app.globalData.ble_isonnectting) {
var that = this;
this.data.bleList.forEach(function (value, index, array) {
//找到对应id的设备，ios判断服务id安卓判断mac地址
var deviceId = value['deviceId'];
if(bletool.isIOS()){
let advertisServiceUUID = value['advertisServiceUUIDs'][0];
if (advertisServiceUUID == that.data.serviceId.toUpperCase()){
that.deviceId = deviceId;
console.log(that.deviceId);
that.startConnectDevices();
}
}else{
if (deviceId == that.data.serviceMac) {
that.deviceId = deviceId;
console.log(that.deviceId);
that.startConnectDevices();
}
}
});
}
},
//是否已存在 存在返回true 否则false
isExist: function (device) {
var tempData = this.data.bleList
for (var i = 0; i tempData.length; i++) {
if (tempData[i].deviceId == device.deviceId) {
return true
}
}
return false
},
//服务uuid
getServiceUUID: function () {
return bletool.stringTransition(this.data.service_uuid);
},
getDeviceInfo: function () {
let car_no = app.globalData.car_no;
var that = this;
wx.request({
url: app.globalData.serverURL + '?c=cara=getDeviceInfoopen_id=' + app.globalData.open_id + 'car_no=' + car_no,
method: 'GET', // OPTIONS, GET, HEAD, POST, PUT, DELETE, TRACE, CONNECT
header: { 'content-type': 'application/json' }, // 设置请求的 header
success: function (res) {
// success
var data = res.data;
console.log(data);
if (data.result == 1) {
app.globalData.serviceId = data.data.service_id;
app.globalData.serviceMac = data.data.service_mac,
app.globalData.service_psd = '85' + data.data.service_psd + '5800000329';
that.setData({
serviceId: data.data.service_id,
serviceMac: data.data.service_mac,
service_psd: '85' + data.data.service_psd+'5800000329',
})
app.startBluetoothDevicesDiscovery();
// that.onBLECharacteristicValueChange();
} else {
util.showModal(data.msg);
}
},
fail: function () {
},
complete: function () {
// complete
}
});
},
})
微信小程序蓝牙入坑总结
微信小程序的蓝牙流程按着官网的说明写就可以了，具体参看文档： 小程序开发文档
坑列表：
1.成对调用需要注意， wx.openBluetoothAdapter 与 wx.closeBluetoothAdapter
wx.startBluetoothDevicesDiscovery 与 wx.stopBluetoothDevicesDiscovery
2.安卓与IOS的区别：安卓可以根据蓝牙标识直接连接，IOS则必须先搜索才能进行连接；
3.权限问题：IOS的系统不能仅仅打开系统的蓝牙权限，因为IOS新版本针对蓝牙做了应用及的限制，因此需要给微信蓝牙权限才可以使用；对于安卓系统，部分手机必须打开定位权限才能搜索到蓝牙设备
4.创建连接API( wx.createBLEConnection )调用失败:
超时报错:{"errCode":10012,"errMsg":"createBLEConnection:fail:operate time out"}
连接超时:{"errCode":10003,"errMsg":"createBLEConnection:fail connect time out."}
连接失败:{"errCode":10003,"errMsg":"createBLEConnection:fail:connection fail status:133"}
基本都是安卓手机出现以上问题，针对这些报错，需编写重试连接操作，很大概率能解决此问题；
5.搜索不到任何设备,安卓手机可能是定位权限的问题造成，苹果手机基本就是设备出问题了
6.网络请求与蓝牙请求尽量分开，因为蓝牙连接会受到影响，造成一些异常信息；
7.所有API调用针对fail函数最好都做一次重试，因为再次重试可能就会成功；、
8.API调用之间最好有一定毫秒数的间隔，目前怀疑api部分机型会存在延时；
总之微信的蓝牙连接就那些已知的接口，调用时多考虑异常的情况下的重试，简单总结下，以便查阅。
微信小程序开发蓝牙的介绍就聊到这里吧，感谢你花时间阅读本站内容，更多关于微信小程序调用蓝牙接口、微信小程序开发蓝牙的信息别忘了在本站进行查找喔。
